Medically Reviewed By Physicians

Step-by-Step Procedure:

1. Assess the Scene:

   – Ensure safety for yourself, the victim, and bystanders.

   – Look for hazards and remove if possible.

2. Check Responsiveness:

   – Tap the victim and shout loudly, “Are you okay?”

   – Look for signs of breathing or movement.

   – If no response, call emergency services immediately.

3. Open the Airway:

   – Gently tilt the head back and lift the chin up.

   – Check for breathing by looking, listening, and feeling for breaths for up to 10 seconds.

4. Check for Pulse:

   – Locate the carotid artery on the side of the neck (for adults) or the brachial artery (for infants).

   – Check for a pulse by placing two fingers on the artery and feeling for a rhythmic beat.

5. Begin Chest Compressions:

   – If no pulse is detected, position the victim on a firm, flat surface.

   – Place the heel of one hand on the center of the victim’s chest, between the nipples.

   – Place the other hand on top and interlock fingers.

   – Lock elbows and position shoulders directly over the hands.

   – Perform chest compressions:

     – Push down at least 2 inches (5 centimeters) for adults and children, and about 1.5 inches (4 centimeters) for infants.

     – Compress the chest at a rate of 100 to 120 compressions per minute.

     – Allow the chest to fully recoil between compressions.

6. Give Rescue Breaths (if trained):

   – After 30 compressions, tilt the head back and lift the chin.

   – Pinch the victim’s nose shut and create a seal over their mouth with yours.

   – Give two breaths, each lasting about one second, and watch for chest rise.

   – If breaths do not make the chest rise, reposition the head and try again.

7. Continue CPR Cycles:

   – Perform cycles of 30 compressions followed by two rescue breaths.

   – Continue CPR until:

     – Emergency medical services take over.

     – The victim shows signs of life and starts breathing normally.

     – You are too exhausted to continue.

8. Use an Automated External Defibrillator (AED) (if available):

   – If an AED is present, turn it on and follow voice prompts.

   – Apply AED pads to the victim’s bare chest as directed.

   – Ensure no one is touching the victim when the AED delivers a shock.

   – Resume CPR immediately after the shock as directed by the AED.